العملات الرقمية غير الرسمية (تقدير اقتصادي إسلامي)

 Abdel Moneim Al-Sayed Ali and Nizar Saad Al-Din Al-Issa, Money, Banks and Financial Markets, pp. 361-363. Shorsh Qadir Ali, The Impact of the Use of Digital Currency on Monetary Policy, Vol. 5, p. 76.

 Abdul Baqi Al-Zarqani, Sharh Al-Zarqani on the Mukhtasar Sidi Khalil, p. 213. Abu Zakaria Yahya bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi, RawdatAl-Talibin, p. 117. Shams Al-Din Al-Maqdisi Abi Abdullah Muhammad bin Mufleh, Kitab Alfuruea, Vol. 4, p. 148.

 Abdul Bari Meshaal, Encrypted Digital Money - Reality Challenges and Future Prospects, Al Salam Journal of Islamic Economics, Year 2, Issue 2, June 2021.

 Abdulaziz Shwish Abdul Hamid and Ibrahim Muhammad Ahmad, the Impact of Virtual Currencies on the Monetary Policy of Central Banks, p. 789.

 Abdul-Jabbar Hamad Obaid Al-Sabhani, Islamic Money as it should be, p. 13. Basem Ahmed Amer, Digital currencies "Bitcoin as a Model" and their Compatibility with Money Controls in Islam, pp. 279-280. Hamza Adnan Mushawiqat, Digital Money from an Islamic Economic Perspective, Bitcoin as a model, p. 10.

 Abdullah bin Suleiman Al-Bahouth, Virtual Money: Its Concept, Types and Economic Effects, pp. 52-53.

 Abdullah bin Suleiman Al-Manea, Researches in Islamic Economics, p. 178. Yousef Kamal and others, Terminology of Contemporary Financial Fiqhi (Market Transactions), p. 51. Ahmed Hassan, Banknotes in Islamic Economy, their Value and Provisions, p. 140.

 Abu al-Fadl Jamal al-Din Muhammad bin Makram Ibn Manzur al-Masry, Lisan al-Arab, p. 476. Mortada Al-Zubaidi, Taj Al-Arous, p. 522. Al-Fayrouz Abadi Shirazi, Alqamus Almuhita, p. 579.

 Abu Ya’la Muhammad bin Al-Hassan Al-Farra, Al-Ahkam Al-Sultaniya, p. 181.

 Abu Zakaria Yahya Al-Din Bin Sharaf Al-Nawawi, Al-Majmoo’ Sharh Al-Muhadhdhab, Vol. 6, p. 11.

 Ahlam Bouabdali, and Hamza Ammi Saeed, Virtual Currencies: Opportunities And Challenges, A Shock Case Study Resulting From the Use of Virtual Currency on the Algerian Economy, p. 803. Ali Mohieddin Al-Qara Daghi, Electronic Digital Currencies, an Economic Jurisprudential Study with a Statement of Shariah-Accepted Alternatives, p. 15.

 Ahmed Hisham Qassem Al-Najjar, Encrypted Virtual Currencies: An Accounting Shariah Economic Study, p. 139. Ali Mohieddin Al-Qara Daghi, Electronic Digital Currencies between solution and prohibition, between reality and the witnessed: an economic fiqhiata study with an explanation of the legally acceptable alternatives, p. 24.

 Ali Haider, Durar Al-Hakam, Explanation of the Journal of Al-Ahkam, Vol. 1, p. 44.

 Ali Mohieddin Al-Qara Daghi, Electronic Digital Currencies between solution and prohibition, between reality and the witnessed: an economic fiqhiata study with an explanation of the legally acceptable alternatives, p. 24. Ahmed Hisham Qassem Al-Najjar, Encrypted Virtual Currencies: An Accounting Shariah Economic Study, p. 139.

 Ali Mohieddin Al-Qara Daghi, Electronic Digital Currencies, an economic fiqhia study with a statement of Shariah-accepted alternatives, p. 12. Basem Ahmed Amer, Digital Currencies "Bitcoin as a Model" and their Compatibility with Money Controls in Islam, pp. 278-279.

 Asmaa Mahmoud Mohammadi, Dealing with Virtual Currency and Zakat, Journal of the College of Islamic and Arabic Studies for Girls, Vol. 2, p. 627.

 Basem Ahmed Amer, Digital Currencies "Bitcoin as a model" and their compatibility with Money Controls in Islam, University of Sharjah Journal of Sharia Sciences and Islamic Studies, Vol. 16, Issue 1, 2019.

 Central Bank of Jordan, Cryptocurrencies, Department of Supervision and Control of the National Payments System, 2020.

 Hamza Mushawiqat, Digital Money from an Islamic Economic Perspective, Bitcoin as a Model, 2019.

 Hayel Abdel Hafeez Yousef Daoud, Changing the purchasing value of paper money, International Institute of Islamic Thought, 1st ed., 1999, p. 6 and beyond. Hussein Bani Hani, The Economics of Money and Banks, Foundations and Principles, p. 32 and beyond.

 Hussein Bani Hani, The Economics of Money and Banks, Foundations and Principles, p. 17.

 Ibn al-Qayyim al-Jawziyya, 'Iielam Almuqiein Ean Rabi Alealamin, vol.3, pp. 401-402.

 Lina Muhammad Abdo Al-Agiri, Anwar Hassan Abdullah Othman, Alshumul Almaliu Al'iislamiu Waltakhfif min Tadaeiat waba' Corona min khilal 'Adawat Alzakaat Walwaqf, Journal of Alturath Al'iislamii Alealamii fi Altamwil Al'iislamii, International Islamic University: Malaysia, Vol. 2, No. 2, 2021, p. 6 and beyond. Ahmed Muhammad Abdul-Azim Al-Jamal, The Role of the Nizam Alwaqf Al'iislamii fi Altanmiat Alaiqtisadiat Almueasira, Dar Al-Salaam, 1st ed., 2007, pp. 126-129. Abdul-Jabbar Hamad Obaid Al-Sabhani, Al-Wajeez in the Aiqtisadiaat Alzakaat Walwaqf, 2016, p. 173 and beyond. Ramy Youssef Obaid, The Impact of Islamic Financial Services on Financial Inclusion in the Arab Countries, Arab Monetary Fund: Abu Dhabi, 2019, p. 2.

 maebad Ali Al Garhi, Towards an Islamic Monetary and Financial System, p. 57.

 Mortada Al-Zubaidi, Taj Al-Arous, p. 282. Al-Fayrouz Abadi Shirazi, Alqamus Almuhit, p. 474.

 Muhammad bin Abdullah Al-Kharshi, Al-Kharshi on the Mukhtasar of Sidi Khalil, Vol.3, p. 43.

 Muhammad Salih al-Quraishi, The Economics of Money, Banks and Financial Institutions, p. 17.

 Munir Al-Shater, Shariah Guidance for Dealing with Virtual Currencies: Bitcoin as a model, Journal of Bait Al-Mashura: Qatar, 2018.

 Musa Adam Issa, Effects of Changes in the Value of Money and How to Treat It in the Islamic Economy, p. 20. Rayan Tawfiq Khalil, Theory of Money in Comparative Islamic Alfiqh, pp. 305-306. Ahmed Hassan, Al'awraq Alnaqdiatin Islamic Economy, Their Value and Provisions, p. 39.

 Mustafa Ahmad Al-Zarqa, Almadkhal Alfiqhii Aleam, Vol. 1, pp. 143-145.

 Shams al-Din Muhammad bin Mufleh, Kitab Alfaruea, Vol. 4, p. 133.

 Team Work Financial Stability in the Arab Countries, Risks and Implications of Cryptocurrencies on the Financial Sector, p. 31. Basem Ahmed Amer, Digital Currencies "Bitcoin as a Model" and their Compatibility with Money Controls in Islam, p. 282. Abdullah bin Suleiman bin Abdulaziz Al-Bahouth, Virtual Money: Concept, Types and Economic Effects, p. 52. Ahmed Ibrahim Dahshan, Virtual Currencies: Their Problems and Effects on the Local and Global Economy, p. 843.

 Walid Mustafa Shawish, Monetary Policy between Islamic Alfiqh and Positive Economics, pp. 174-175. Basem Ahmed Amer, Digital Currencies "Bitcoin as a Model" and their Compatibility with Money Controls in Islam, p. 279. Ali Mohieddin Al-Qara Rahi, Electronic Digital Currencies, an Economic Fiqh Study with a statement of Shariah-accepted alternatives, p. 12.

 Yasser bin Abdul Rahman Al Abdul Salam, Virtual Currencies: Their Truth and Fiqhia, Comparative Fiqhia Study, p. 43. Ahmed Hisham Qassem Al-Najjar, Encrypted Virtual Currencies: An Accounting Sharia Economic Study, p. 140. Munir Ahmed Al-Shater and others, Legal Guidance for dealing with Virtual Currencies, p. 26.